World War II Database

In an attempt to unify China by removing local warlords, Nationalist Chinese forces embarked on the Northern Expedition. Han Fuju was the warlord controlling the eastern province of Shandong, and was targeted by the Northern Expedition. As Nationalist troops neared, Japanese troops stationed in the Chinese city of Tianjin, against orders from Tokyo, moved into Jinan and Qingtao in Shandong Province to secure Japanese interests. On 30 Apr 1928, Nationalist Chinese troops entered Jinan, also against Chiang Kaishek's orders. Japanese troops and Nationalist Chinese troops remained respectful of each other until 3 May, when a clash took place between soldiers on either side near the home of a Japanese family, resulting in 12 Japanese killed. Tensions mounted very quickly, with sporadic fighting taking place around Jinan. The Nationalist government sent negotiators in attempt to de-escalate the situation, but the Japanese refused to talk, instead forcibly keeping the negotiators. Japanese troops withdrew out of Jinan and dug in about 20 kilometers outside the city. In the evening of 3 May, the chief negotiator Cai Gongshi was executed by the Japanese. On 5 May, Chiang Kaishek and local Japanese commander General Hikosuke Fukuda reached an agreement, largely with Chiang conceding to Japanese demands, and the fighting scaled down over the following two days. Jinan remained occupied by Japanese forces for the following ten months (Japanese troops departed from Shandong on 28 Mar 1929), and it served as an excuse for the Japanese to station even more troops in Shandong Province. Chiang and Japanese Prime Minister Giichi Tanaka attempted to mend relations between the two countries after the incident; Chiang blamed the incident on the actions of commanding officer He Yaozu of the Nationalist Chinese 3rd Army Group, who ordered his troops to move into Jinan against Chiang's orders.

Jinan Incident Timeline

Photographs

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Visitor Submitted Comments

1. Anonymous says:
   11 Jun 2013 06:49:23 PM
   
   Why is an autopsy even necessary? Why is the surgeon and civilian in protective gear? I notice a uniform guard. The same photo is shown in Unit 731 photos.

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