30 Jun 1884
30 Jun 1919
  • USS Arizona arrived at New York City, New York, United States.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1921
  • USS R-1 arrived at San Pedro, Los Angeles, California, United States.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1924
  • Jan Smuts stepped down as the Prime Minister of South Africa.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1931
  • Arthur Greiser joined the SS organization of the Nazi Party.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1932
30 Jun 1934
  • "Night of the Long Knives" began a week of murder and political purging throughout Germany.
  • Oranienburg Concentration Camp was transferred under the jurisdiction of the German justice department.
    » In-depth article
  • Gregor Strasser was arrested at his home on the pretext that he was conspiring to overturn the state, and was shot by an SS captain a few hours later in a cell in the secret police headquarters in Berlin, Germany.
  • Admiral Graf Spee was launched.
    » In-depth article
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1934
    Admiral Graf Spee
30 Jun 1935
  • Werner Mölders completed fighter pilot training at the flying school in Tutow, Germany and the Jagdfliegerschule in Schleißheim, Germany.
    » In-depth article
  • The active duty strength of the US Marine Corps was reported to be 1,163 officers and 16,097 enlisted men for a total of 17,260.
30 Jun 1936
  • The active duty strength of the US Marine Corps was reported to be 1,208 officers and 16,040 enlisted men for a total of 17,248.
30 Jun 1937
  • The active duty strength of the Untied States Marine Corps was reported to be 1,312 officers and 16,911 enlisted men for a total of 18,223.
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1937
    Hitler Youth boys from Steglitz and Tempelhof areas of Berlin waiting to board a train for summer camp, Berlin, Germany, late Jun 1937
30 Jun 1938
  • The active duty strength of the US Marine Corps was reported to be 1,359 oficers and 16,97 enlisted men for the total of 18,365.
  • USS Skipjack was commissioned into service, Lieutenant Herman Sall in command.
    » In-depth article
  • Camicia Nera was commissioned into service.
    » In-depth article
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1938
    Skipjack running up Thames River after departing the Electric Boat Company shipyard at Groton, Connecticut, United States to go to the Naval Submarine Base for commissioning ceremonies, 30 Jun 1938
30 Jun 1939
  • The active duty strength of the US Marine Corps was reported to be 1,380 officers and 16,052 enlisted men for a total of 19,432.
  • The US 1st Marine Brigade was activated at Quantico, Virginia, United States, supported by the 1st Marine Aircraft Group.
  • The 2nd Marine Brigade was activated at San Diego, California, United States, supported by the 2nd Marine Aircraft Group.
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1939
    Mugford underway, 30 Jun 1939
30 Jun 1940
  • Three German personnel landed on the island of Guernsey in the English Channel by aircraft and demanded surrender from a local policeman.
  • German submarine U-65 and U-43 attacked Allied convoy SL-25 300 files west of Brest, France. At 2227 hours, U-43 sank British ship Avelona Star; 1 was killed and 84 were rescued. U-65 damaged British ship Clan Ogilvy, which would need to be towed away; she would remain out of commission until Oct 1940.
  • German submarine U-26 sank Estonian ship Merkur (killing 4) and Norwegian ship Belmoira (all 25 crew members survived) off of France.
  • As of this date, the US Navy reported the strength of 1,099 vessels and 203,127 personnel (160,997 Navy, 28,384 Marine Corps, and 13,766 Coast Guard). In a separate report, the US Marine Corps reported the active duty strength to be 1,732 officers and 26,545 enlisted men for the total of 28,277.
  • Heavy cruiser USS Wichita, with Commander Cruiser Division Seven Rear Admiral Andrew C. Pickens aboard, arrived at Montevideo, Uruguay, joining USS Quincy that was already there. The visit was "to furnish a reminder of the strength and the range of action of the armed forces of the United States".
  • US President Roosevelt returned to Washington DC, United States after touring the Potomac River aboard the presidential yacht Potomac.
    » In-depth article
  • Alfred Jodl noted in his diary that the United Kingdom was certain to fall in time, regardless of the fact whether an actual invasion was necessary.
    » In-depth article
  • German submarine U-47 sank Greek ship Georgios Kyriakides west of Ireland; all 30 crew members survived.
    » In-depth article
  • Historical document written: DYuKOV
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1941
  • German troops captured Lvov, Ukraine. Meanwhile, at least 100 of the Soviet bombers attacking German tanks near Minsk, Byelorussia were shot down by aircraft of Oberst Werner Mölders' JG-51.
    » In-depth article
  • Vichy France broke off diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.
  • Werner Mölders shot down three Soviet bombers, bringing his total score to 82 victories and surpassing the record set by Manfred von Richthofen, "Red Baron", during WW1.
    » In-depth article
  • The active duty strength of the US Marine Corps was reported to be 3,339 officers and 51,020 enlisted men for the total of 54,359.
  • Egmont Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld's Bf 110 aircraft collided with another Bf 110, piloted by Rudolf Schoenert while in exercise over northern Netherlands.
    » In-depth article
  • The Netherlands Purchasing Commission placed an order with North American Aviation to purchase 162 B-25C bombers for the Dutch government-in-exile. These aircraft were intended for the Dutch East Indies to counter the growing Japanese threat.
    » In-depth article
  • Franklin Roosevelt dedicated the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library in Hyde Park, New York, United States.
    » In-depth article
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1941
    Enterprise underway in the Pacific, late Jun 1941SdKfz. 251/3 communications vehicle, northern Russia, Jun 1941German SdKfz. 251/1 halftrack vehicle at a rail crossing, Aiviekstes, Latvia, Jun 1941Panzer III tank and SdKfz. 251 halftrack vehicle near Aiviekste, Latvia, Jun 1941; note rangefinder on the halftrack
    See all photos dated 30 Jun 1941
30 Jun 1942
  • A US Navy Mariner aircraft sank German submarine U-158 70 kilometers west of Bermuda.
    » In-depth article
  • German government decreed that no foreign workers was to receive higher wages or enjoy better working conditions than the poorest German workers.
  • All Jewish schools in Germany were forced to close.
  • Axis troops reached El Alamein, Egypt.
    » In-depth article
  • Auschwitz Concentration Camp's Bunker II, the second gas chamber, became operational.
    » In-depth article
  • In Egypt, Allied defenses east of Mersa Matruh fell back to El Alamein.
    » In-depth article
  • The United States Marine Corps reported an active duty strength of 7,138 officers and 135,475 enlisted men for a total of 142,413 personnel.
  • Tatsuta Maru arrived at Yokohama, Japan.
    » In-depth article
    » Tabular Record of Movement
  • Commander Kinzo Tonozuka became the commanding officer of I-168.
    » In-depth article
    » Tabular Record of Movement
  • Submarine Tunny was launched, sponsored by Mrs. Frederick G. Crisp.
    » In-depth article
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1942
    Crew of the Patrol Squadron 23 (VP-23) PBY-5A patrol bomber that found the approaching Japanese fleetPilots of the four Patrol Squadron 24 (VP-24) and Patrol Squadron 51 (VP-51) PBY-5A "Catalina" patrol bombers that flew the torpedo attack mission against the Japanese fleetDetailed Operating Schedule for Launching of the Tunny, 30 Jun 1942, page 1 of 2Detailed Operating Schedule for Launching of the Tunny, 30 Jun 1942, page 2 of 2
    See all photos dated 30 Jun 1942
30 Jun 1943
  • The German Nazi organization Gestapo was given the right to decide for itself whether a criminal or political case should go to trial or proceed directly to confinement, although by this stage such legal niceties were rather irrelevant in the face of the unlimited power already enjoyed by the State Security Services.
  • The United States Marine Corps reported the active duty strength of 21,384 officers and 287,139 enlisted, for a total of 308,523 personnel.
  • US occupation troops arrived early at Nono, New Georgia, Solomon Islands and would join the US Marine Corps 4th Raider Battalion on the planned attack on Viru Harbor; nearby on the island of Vangunu, Companies N and Q of the US Marine Corps 4th Raider Battalion and 2nd Battalion of US Army 103rd Infantry Regiment landed unopposed near Oloana Bay; they would capture Wickham Anchorage by the end of the day. On Rendova Island, elements of the US Army 172nd Infantry Regiment, US Army 103nd Infantry Regiment, US Navy 24th Naval Construction Battalion, and US Navy 9th Defense Battalion landed against light resistance; Japanese aircraft attempted to disrupt landing operations, but they were intercepted by aircraft of US Marine Fighter Squadrons 121, 122, 213, and 221.
    » In-depth article
  • Off eastern New Guinea, US Army troops and the US Navy 12th Defense Battalion secured Woodlark Island, Trobriand Islands. Meanwhile, the 1st Battalion of the US Army 162nd Infantry Regiment, supported by other US and Australian units, landed at Nassau Bay, New Guinea.
    » In-depth article
  • The German army authorised the issue of the 21 cm Nebelwerfer 42 rocket launcher.
  • USS Scorpion arrived in the Yellow Sea off Shantung Peninsula, China.
    » In-depth article
  • Destroyer Yukikaze departed Truk, Caroline Islands to escort cruiser Chokai to Shortland Islands, Solomon Islands.
    » In-depth article
  • Repair ship Akashi began repairing destroyer Kawakaze at Truk, Caroline Islands.
    » In-depth article
    » Tabular Record of Movement
  • USS S-35 set sail toward the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia.
    » In-depth article
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1943
    Americans sought cover on the beach of Rendova Island, 30 Jun 1943Map depicting Operation Cartwheel, 30 Jun 1943 to early 1944
30 Jun 1944
  • Milice leader in French city of Lyon, Paul Touvier, selected 7 Jewish prisoners to be executed by firing squad as reprisal for the killing of Minister of Information and local Milice leader Phillipe Henriot two days earlier by the French resistance.
    » In-depth article
  • The final 6,000 German troops in Cherbourg, France surrendered. At Caen, German troops recaptured Hill 112.
    » In-depth article
  • The Chindits, by this date, would have been hard pushed to find anyone still fit enough to lift a camera, but they kept on marching and fighting even when one brigade, the 111th, was reduced to less than the strength of a company.
    » In-depth article
  • A transport of 2,044 Jews from Athens and Corfu Island in Greece arrived at Auschwitz Concentration Camp; 455 men and 175 women were registered into the camp while the remainder were gassed. On the same day, another transport of 1,000 Jews from the Fossoli di Carpi transit camp in Italy also arrived; 180 men and 51 women were registered while the remainder were gassed.
    » In-depth article
  • James Johnson shot down a German Bf 109 fighter, his 33th victory.
    » In-depth article
  • USS Ticonderoga arrived at Port of Spain, Trinidad.
    » In-depth article
  • USS Tang sank the unescorted Japanese transport Nikkin Maru with one torpedo between Kyushu, Japan and Dalian, China.
    » In-depth article
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1944
    Medics helping injured soldier, France, 1944Major General J. Lawton Collins described to Lieutenant General Omar Bradley how Cherbourg was taken, circa late Jun or early Jul 1944Unfinished German submarine pen at Cherbourg, France, 30 Jun 1944A Gooseberry line of block ships off the Normandy beaches, Ouistreham, France, Jun 1944; note sunken British ship Durban, sunken Dutch ship Sumatra, and two active DUKW craft
    See all photos dated 30 Jun 1944
30 Jun 1945
  • Japanese troops in Burma massacred 600 natives in the village of Kalagon, who had been accused of helping British paratroopers and guerrillas. The bodies were thrown down deep wells and when these filled up, the soldiers pounded the corpses with staves to make them fit better.
  • The US Navy reported that it had in its possession 67,952 vessels and had a personnel strength of 3,383,196. The US Marine Corps reported a personnel strength of 476,709. The US Coast Guard reported a personnel strength of 171,192.
  • Commander H. H. Hale relieved Captain L. E. Gehres as the commanding officer of USS Franklin.
    » In-depth article
  • USS Trepang sank a Japanese freighter at 0600 hours; the Japanese survivors refused to be picked up, thus were left to die.
    » In-depth article
  • Nautilus was decommissioned from service.
    » In-depth article
  • USS Baya attacked small coastal vessels with her deck gun off Borneo in the Sulu Sea.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1947
  • Laffey (Allen M. Sumner-class) was decommissioned from service.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1951
  • A group of Japanese soldiers in the Mariana Islands, who had previously refused to believe that Japan had surrendered in 1945, finally surrendered to Lieutenant Commander James Johnson of the US Navy.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1955
  • USS Charr arrived at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, California, United States. Lieutenant Commander R. A. Harris relieved Commander W. A. Whitman as the new commanding officer.
    » In-depth article
  • Photos dated 30 Jun 1955
    Lieutenant Commander R. A. Harris assuming command of USS Charr, Mare Island Naval Shipyard, California, United States, 30 Jun 1955
30 Jun 1966
  • USS Charr arrived at Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Vallejo, California, United States for overhaul.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1967
30 Jun 1968
  • USS Cabrilla was decommissioned from service and was struck from the US Naval Register.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1969
30 Jun 1971
  • Decommissioned ship USS Cod received the new hull number of IXSS-224.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1972
  • USS Caiman was decommissioned and struck from the US Naval Register. She was transferred to Turkey.
    » In-depth article
30 Jun 1973
  • Chen Daqing stepped down from his position as the Chinese Minister of Defense.
    » In-depth article

Timeline Section Founder: Thomas Houlihan
Contributors: Alan Chanter, C. Peter Chen, Thomas Houlihan, David Stubblebine
Special Thanks: Rory Curtis

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Re.2005 Sagittario aircraft at rest, pre-1943
Re.2005 Sagittario aircraft at rest, pre-1943



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"Since peace is now beyond hope, we can but fight to the end."

Chiang Kaishek, 31 Jul 1937