1910 | 1911 | 1912 | 1913 | 1914 | 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919
1920 | 1921 | 1922 | 1923 | 1924 | 1925 | 1926 | 1927 | 1928 | 1929
1930 | 1931 | 1932 | 1933 | 1934 | 1935 | 1936 | 1937 | 1938 | 1939
1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 | 1949
1 Jan 1935
- Werner Mölders began receiving fighter pilot instructions at the flying school in Tutow, Germany and the Jagdfliegerschule near Munich, Germany.
» In-depth article
- Admiral Canaris was appointed head of the German Abwehr (Military Intelligence Department).
» In-depth article
7 Jan 1935
- The League of Nations approved the results of the Saar plebiscite, which allowed Saar to be incorporated into German borders.
- The prototype Ki-9 trainer aircraft took its first flight.
» In-depth article
8 Jan 1935
Germany
- The Gestapo prison Columbia-Haus in Berlin, Germany became a concentration camp.
» In-depth article
10 Jan 1935
Photo(s) dated 10 Jan 1935
11 Jan 1935
United States
- Amelia Earhart became the first person to fly solo from Honolulu, US Territory of Hawaii to Oakland, California, United States.
12 Jan 1935
Photo(s) dated 12 Jan 1935
13 Jan 1935
- The plebiscite for Saar began; result of votes would later reveal that 90% of residents voted to join Germany.
Photo(s) dated 13 Jan 1935
19 Jan 1935
- The US Marine Corps' Fleet Marine Force units began their participation in the Fleet Landing Exercise No. 1 at Culebra, Puerto Rico under Brigadier General Charles H . Lyman and in the joint exercises with the Special Service and Training Squadrons of the US Fleet in the Caribbean area.
27 Jan 1935
Photo(s) dated 27 Jan 1935
30 Jan 1935
- A decree for the Structure of the German Commune was published. This gave the NSDAF the authority to approve all office holders at communal level. Most local town mayors were already Nazi Party members and this decree strengthened the Party's control over every subsequent public appointment.
8 Feb 1935
- US Congress voted for a 10-year transition for the full independence of the Philippine Islands.
Philippines
- The Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines was approved by the Filipino Constitutional Convention by a vote of 177 to 1.
12 Feb 1935
- The US Navy's dirigible USS Macon (ZRS-5) crashed into the sea off California, United States as a result of a tail unit structural failure. Two crewmen perished and four F9C-2 fighters were lost in the accident.
Russia
18 Feb 1935
United Kingdom
- The British Air Ministry issued Contract No. 357483/34 to Hawker Aviation for one example of what was later to be called Hurricane fighter for evaluation.
» In-depth article
Photo(s) dated 18 Feb 1935
21 Feb 1935
United Kingdom
- British firm Rolls-Royce conducted the first flight test of the PV-12 engine, which would later be known as Merlin.
23 Feb 1935
Russia
- Kliment Voroshilov was awarded the Order of Lenin for the first time.
» In-depth article
25 Feb 1935
Germany
- The prototype He 111 medium bomber made its maiden flight with test pilot Gerhard Nitschke at the controls.
» In-depth article
26 Feb 1935
- Adolf Hitler officially created the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) with Hermann Göring as its Commander-in-Chief. Walther Wever assumed the role of the Chief of Air Staff and Erhard Milch became the Secretary of State for Air. The independent branch started off with 1,888 aircraft and 20,000 men.
- During the Daventry Experiment, Robert Watson-Watt carries out a demonstration that led to the development of radar in the United Kingdom.
1 Mar 1935
- Saar officially became part of Germany after the Jan 1935 plebiscite.
United States
- The US Army Air Corps established the General Headquarters Air Force as a new formation, under the command of Brigadier General Frank M. Andrews. This was seen by many proponents of air power as the first move towards establishing an autonomous US Air Force.
- US Army established the General Headquarters Air Force to control all combat air units based within the United States.
2 Mar 1935
United States
- Henry Arnold was promoted to the temporary rank of brigadier general.
» In-depth article
9 Mar 1935
- The German government announced the establishment of a new national air force-the Luftwaffe.
United States
- Henry Arnold was named the wing commander of the First Wing of the US Army Air Corps, based at March Field, Moreno Valley, California, United States.
» In-depth article
12 Mar 1935
Photo(s) dated 12 Mar 1935
13 Mar 1935
- The US Marine Corps' Fleet Marine Force units completed the Fleet Landing Exercise No. 1 at Culebra, Puerto Rico.
14 Mar 1935
- Germany re-established conscription into the armed forces.
15 Mar 1935
- In the Hohnstein trial in Dresden, Germany, members of the SA organization who staffed the Hohenstein Concentration Camp were sentenced to prison for mistreating concentration camp prisoners; in Nov of the same year, they were all pardoned without exception.
» In-depth article
- Nobutake Kondo was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Navy Combined Fleet.
» In-depth article
- Do 18A prototype flying boat took its maiden flight.
» In-depth article
16 Mar 1935
- Adolf Hitler announced mandatory military conscription; it was the first of many violations of Versailles Treaty restrictions to be committed by Germany.
Germany
- Heinrich Himmler established the SS-Verfügungstruppe (Special Task Troops).
» In-depth article
20 Mar 1935
Photo(s) dated 20 Mar 1935
23 Mar 1935
United States
- US President Franklin Roosevelt approved the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines.
» In-depth article
28 Mar 1935
United States
- Dr. Robert H. Goddard recorded the first successful launch of his gyroscopically stabilized rocket, attaining an altitude of 4,800 ft and a speed of 560 mph.
29 Mar 1935
- The US House of Representatives passed the bill HR 4016 which provided the US Marine Corps the same system of promotion and retirement as that of the US Navy.
1 Apr 1935
- In Germany a nationwide network of clinics for racial hygiene was established with the aim of collecting and processing data about citizens' racial purity. The information obtained would provide a perverse instrument for social discrimination throughout the country.
» In-depth article
- Rudolf Höss was promoted to the rank of SS-Scharführer.
» In-depth article
- Hitler formally announced the re-establishment of the German armed forces outside the terms permitted by the Versailles treaty.
» In-depth article
- The German Air Force (Luftwaffe) was established with Hermann Göring as its Commander-in-Chief.
» In-depth article
2 Apr 1935
China
Photo(s) dated 2 Apr 1935
3 Apr 1935
China
- Jiang Dingwen was promoted to the rank of general second class.
» In-depth article
7 Apr 1935
Photo(s) dated 7 Apr 1935
18 Apr 1935
Photo(s) dated 18 Apr 1935
22 Apr 1935
Photo(s) dated 22 Apr 1935
26 Apr 1935
Photo(s) dated 26 Apr 1935
29 Apr 1935
- The US Marine Corps' Fleet Marine Force units on the west coast of the United States began their participation in the landing operations of US Fleet Problem XVI and in the establishment of a base at Midway.
1 May 1935
- A mistake by the US Government Printing Office, which leaked the construction of three air bases in northern United States per War Plan Red in preparation of war against the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth, was published on the front page of the New York Times. War Plan Red was to be officially terminated in 1939.
Photo(s) dated 1 May 1935
2 May 1935
- With the announcement that Germany was rearming, and the failure of a French plan to create an alliance of Germany, Poland and the Soviet Union, France concluded a separate alliance with the Soviet Union.
13 May 1935
- In Russia, the Central Committee ordered a purge to be carried out to investigate the illicit use of Party membership cards.
14 May 1935
Philippines
- The people of the Philippine Islands ratified the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines via a popular vote.
18 May 1935
- The world's worst air disaster to date, involving a heavier-than-air craft, occurred when the Soviet ANT-20 "Maxim Gorky" collided with another aircraft near Tushino, Russia, killing 56 on board.
19 May 1935
- T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) died after being involved in a motorcycle accident six days earlier.
20 May 1935
Photo(s) dated 20 May 1935
21 May 1935
- German military required "Aryan heritage" for service.
- Werner Mölders received the Pilot's Badge of the Luftwaffe.
» In-depth article
China
- Zheng Xiaoxu resigned as the Prime Minister of the puppet state of Manchukuo.
» In-depth article
- Zhang Jinghui was named the second Prime Minister of the puppet state of Manchukuo.
» In-depth article
- Zang Shiyi was named the Manchukuo Speaker of the Legislature.
» In-depth article
- Xi Qia stepped down as the Minister of Finance of the Japanese-sponsored puppet state of Manchukuo and became the Imperial Household Minister of the Aisin Gioro royal clan.
» In-depth article
- Historical document written: No. 2-8: Exerpts of Hitler's Speeches on German-Polish Peace, 1935-1939
» In-depth article
Photo(s) dated 21 May 1935
25 May 1935
- "The Tentative Landing Operations Manual, 1935" was approved by US Navy's Chief of Naval Operations, containing theories on amphibious landings.
Japan
28 May 1935
- The first flight of Willy Messerschmitt's Bf 109 fighter took place. Powered by a 695 horsepower Rolls Royce Kestrel engine, the Bf 109 fighter was the first all-metal stressed-skin monocoque single seat fighter monoplane with an enclosed cockpit and retractable undercarriage to enter service. The Bf 109 fighter proved so successful that over 30,000 would ultimately be built before the end of the war.
» In-depth article
- Eva Braun attempted suicide by taking Phanodorm, which was a drug usually prescribed to help with sleeping.
» In-depth article
1 Jun 1935
- First World War fighter ace Ernst Udet joined the Luftwaffe with the rank of colonel (Oberst). Official funds were made available to purchase two American Helldiver aircraft for Udet's personal use as a bribe to entice him back into the military fold.
6 Jun 1935
Photo(s) dated 6 Jun 1935
12 Jun 1935
- The US Marine Corps' Fleet Marine Force units on the west coast of the United States completed their participation in the landing operations of US Fleet Problem XVI.
15 Jun 1935
- China instituted the Order of the Cloud and Banner to award those who contributed to the cause of national security.
China
18 Jun 1935
- The Anglo-German Naval Agreement was signed, limiting the German Navy to 35% of the British Navy.
» In-depth article
30 Jun 1935
- Werner Mölders completed fighter pilot training at the flying school in Tutow, Germany and the Jagdfliegerschule in Schleißheim, Germany.
» In-depth article
- The active duty strength of the US Marine Corps was reported to be 1,163 officers and 16,097 enlisted men for a total of 17,260.
1 Jul 1935
Photo(s) dated 1 Jul 1935
10 Jul 1935
- Stalin and Molotov signed the Central Committee resolution "On the master plan for the reconstruction of Moscow". The ten-year programme, it was proposed, would more than double the area of the capital.
» In-depth article
United States
- Lawrence Bell founded the Bell Aircraft Corporation at Buffalo, New York, United States.
24 Jul 1935
Photo(s) dated 24 Jul 1935
28 Jul 1935
United States
- The company-funded Boeing Model 299 prototype aircraft (later B-17 Flying Fortress), piloted by Leslie R. Tower, made its maiden flight from Boeing Field, Seattle, United States.
» In-depth article
1 Aug 1935
Japan
- Crown Prince Euimin was promoted to the rank of colonel in the Japanese Army and was given command of 59th Infantry Regiment based in Utsunomiya, Japan.
» In-depth article
Taiwan
- Lieutenant General Ryuhei Ogisu was named the chief of staff of the Taiwan Army.
2 Aug 1935
China
- Yosuke Matsuoka was named the President of the South Manchuria Railway.
» In-depth article
9 Aug 1935
United States
- The Headquarters of the Fleet Marine Force of the US Marine Corps was transferred from Quantico, Virginia, United States to San Diego, California, United States.
14 Aug 1935
United States
- Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act into law at 1530 hours, which aimed to provide protection against poverty related to old age, unemployment, and disability.
» In-depth article
17 Aug 1935
Russia
- Viktor Abakumov was assigned to the Department of Guards of the GULAG of the Soviet NKVD.
» In-depth article
23 Aug 1935
- John Winant became the first Chairman of the United States Social Security Board.
» In-depth article
Photo(s) dated 23 Aug 1935
31 Aug 1935
- At the Nikanor-East section of the Central Irmino coal mine in the Ukrainian Donbass coalfield, a young hewer named Aleksei Stakhanov was challenged by his supervisor to attempt a record breaking shift. In just five and three quarters hours, Stakhanov hewed 102 tonnes (the norm was 6.5 tonnes per worker) to set a new world record.
3 Sep 1935
- Sir Malcolm Campbell set a new land speed record at Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah, United States with a recorded speed of 301 mph.
7 Sep 1935
Photo(s) dated 7 Sep 1935
11 Sep 1935
Photo(s) dated 11 Sep 1935
13 Sep 1935
Photo(s) dated 13 Sep 1935
15 Sep 1935
- The passing of the Nürnberg Laws, National Citizens Law, and the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor collectively stripped German Jews of rights.
- Adolf Hitler ordered the discontinued use of the black-white-red imperial tricolor; only the swastika flag of the Nazi Party was to be used as the national flag.
Italy
- Italian 1st Submarine Flotilla officially incorporated a unit trained in motored torpedo boat warfare; the new unit was based at La Spezia, Italy.
24 Sep 1935
- Hitler's Minister for Church Affairs, Hans Kerrl, appointed a Reich Church committee to supervise the local committees of dissident Evangelical Churches.
- Sydney was commissioned into service.
» In-depth article
Russia
1 Oct 1935
- As a reaction to criticism from the German justice department on the increasing number of "unnatural deaths" in concentration camps, the Gestapo released behavior guidelines for the guards during this month.
» In-depth article
- Fregattenkapitän Otto Backenköhler took command of cruiser Köln.
» In-depth article
- Hugo Sperrle was promoted to the rank of Generalmajor.
» In-depth article
- The keel of submarine Pollack was laid down.
» In-depth article
2 Oct 1935
- The French Battleship Dunkerque was launched at Brest shipyard in France.
» In-depth article
3 Oct 1935
- 100,000 Italian troops and Askari mercenaries headed by Emilio De Bono attacked from Eritrea into Abyssinia without declaration of war.
» In-depth article
4 Oct 1935
Photo(s) dated 4 Oct 1935
7 Oct 1935
- The League of Nations branded Mussolini a covenant-breaker and aggressor.
» In-depth article
8 Oct 1935
- The Italian Army entered Makalle, Abyssinia. General de Bono declared that slavery was abolished in Abyssinia, and dispatched emissaries all over the Tigre province to spread the news that Italian rule was going to be beneficent. Mussolini was livid.
» In-depth article
10 Oct 1935
Greece
- General Georgios Kondylis forced the Greek President, Alexandros Zaimis, to resign, abolished the republic and declared himself Premiere and Regent.
15 Oct 1935
Germany
- The first three Panzer Divisions were established in the German Army. The 1st Panzer Division was placed under General Freiherr von Weichs at Weimar, 2nd Panzer Division under Colonel Heinz Guderian at Würzburg and 3rd Panzer Division under General Fessmann at Berlin.
23 Oct 1935
United Kingdom
- In England, portions of the prototype Hurricane fighter were transported from Kingston upon Thames to Brooklands for assembly for a soon to be held test flight.
» In-depth article
30 Oct 1935
- The Hackenkreuz (Eagle-Swastika symbol) was made a part of military uniform jackets.
Photo(s) dated 30 Oct 1935
1 Nov 1935
- Lieutenant Commander Wakita was named the commanding officer of destroyer Yuzuki.
» In-depth article
China
- Han Deqin was assigned to the Military Committee in Chongqing, China.
» In-depth article
3 Nov 1935
United Kingdom
- Test pilot George Bulman began familiarizing himself with the prototype Hurricane fighter at Brooklands in Surrey, England, United Kingdom.
» In-depth article
4 Nov 1935
United Kingdom
- Hawker engineers informed test pilot George Bulman that the engine of the prototype Hurricane fighter failed the 50-hour endurance test; Bulman ordered a careful evaluation of the engine, but refused to cancel the maiden flight scheduled for two days later.
» In-depth article
6 Nov 1935
- The League of Nations decided to accept the principle of an oil embargo on Italy, but left it up to the delegates to discuss the proposal with their own governments.
» In-depth article
United Kingdom
- The prototype Hawker Hurricane fighter made its maiden flight over Brooklands near Weybridge, Surrey, England, United Kingdom, with George Bulman at the cockpit. Bulman failed to file an official report of the flight, but in his casual notes he expressed minor concern with the engine running at high temperatures, minor concerns with the creaking and flexing of the canopy, and general satisfaction with this new aircraft design. Hurricane fighters would later become the first RAF monoplane with enclosed cockpit, eight guns, and retractable landing gear, and the first to exceed 300 mph.
» In-depth article
8 Nov 1935
Photo(s) dated 8 Nov 1935
11 Nov 1935
Greece
- Greek Premiere Georgios Kondylis held a plebiscite for a return of the monarchy. 98% of the Greek voters supported the proposal.
14 Nov 1935
- After lengthy argument a supplement to the German Citizenship law was published, which laid down that a German with two Jewish grandparents, who was himself an orthodox Jew, or was married to a Jew, or was the offspring of a marriage with a Jew, was Jewish under the law. However all other half or quarter Jews were still German citizens. Those who were considered Jews under this supplement were denied voting rights and forbidden to hold public office, regardless of whether he was a WW1 veteran (who had enjoyed special privileges previously despite being Jewish).
» In-depth article
United States
- The Fleet Marine Force units of the US Marine Corps stationed at San Diego, California, United States participated in a two-day exercise with the US Navy fleet on the west coast of the United States.
15 Nov 1935
- The League of Nations placed economic sanctions on Italy for aggressions against Abyssinia.
» In-depth article
- Chuichi Nagumo was promoted to the rank of rear admiral and was placed in command of the First Minelayer Squadron.
» In-depth article
China
- Admiral Hideho Wada succeeded Vice Admiral Kichijiro Hamada as the commanding officer of the Ryojun Military Port (previously known as Port Arthur; now Lushunkou, Liaoning Province, China), Kwantung Leased Territory in northeastern China. Vice Admiral Chuichi Hara was named Wada's chief of staff.
» In-depth article
Japan
Philippines
- The Commonwealth of the Philippines was inaugurated.
Taiwan
- Vice Admiral Senzo Wada was named the commanding officer of the Mako naval port at Pescadores islands, Taiwan.
16 Nov 1935
Germany
- Blohm & Voss Shipyard in Hamburg, Germany received the contract for laying down the hull of the future battleship Bismarck; the construction number was BV 509.
» In-depth article
19 Nov 1935
Photo(s) dated 19 Nov 1935
21 Nov 1935
Russia
- Russian test pilot V. Kokkinaki flying a specially modified TsKB-3 raised the world altitude record to 47,818 feet.
» In-depth article
25 Nov 1935
Greece
- King George II of Greece returned from exile and retained Georgios Kondylis as Prime Minister.
» In-depth article
26 Nov 1935
- Filipp Golikov was promoted to the rank of brigade commander.
» In-depth article
28 Nov 1935
- Mussolini dismissed the 68-year-old General Emilio de Bono as the Italian Commander-in-Chief in East Africa and replaced him with the younger and more energetic Pietro Badoglio, one of Italy's most prestigious soldiers and the Army's Chief of Staff.
» In-depth article
2 Dec 1935
Japan
- Prince Takahito was made the head of his own branch of the Imperial family, Mikasa.
» In-depth article
Korea
- General Kuniaki Koiso was named the commanding officer of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea, relieving Kenkichi Ueda.
» In-depth article
- Major General Yoshishige Saeda was named the chief of staff of the Japanese Chosen Army in occupied Korea.
Taiwan
- Lieutenant General Heisuke Yanagawa was named the commanding officer of the Taiwan Army.
3 Dec 1935
- Douglas MacArthur's mother, Mary Pinkney Hardy MacArthur, passed away in Manila, Philippine Islands.
» In-depth article
6 Dec 1935
United Kingdom
- Rolls-Royce issued a certificate of air worthiness for the newly developed Merlin C engine.
10 Dec 1935
- Talented Vickers tank designer, Sir John Carden, was killed when the Belgian airliner in which he was travelling crashes near Biggin Hill, England, United Kingdom.
- British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Samuel Hoare and French Prime Minister Pierre Laval secretly agreed on a plan to end the Italo-Abyssinian war by with terms strongly favoring Italy.
» In-depth article
11 Dec 1935
- Details of the Hoare-Laval Plan were published. Brewed by Pierre Laval with the agreement of Sir Samuel Hoare, the British Foreign Secretary, the plan suggested that Italy receive large slices of northern and southeast Abyssinia with half the country handed over for future exploitation and settlement. Abyssinia's compensation would be only an outlet to the sea. The Hoare-Laval plan raised such vigorous protests and outrage from British public opinion that Hoare was sacked and the Baldwin government forced to disown the plan.
» In-depth article
13 Dec 1935
- Harsh editorials against the Hoare-Laval Pact were published in British and French newspapers.
» In-depth article
17 Dec 1935
- The Douglas Skysleeper Transport aircraft took its first flight.
Germany
- Heinrich Prinz zu Sayn-Wittgenstein received his Abitur from the Realgymnasium in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
» In-depth article
18 Dec 1935
Czechoslovakia
United States
- The US Army War College G-2 intelligence division submitted a comprehensive plan for a US invasion of Canada and Newfoundland.
20 Dec 1935
- Pierre Barjot was named the commanding officer of submarine Bévéziers.
» In-depth article
France
- Jean de Lattre de Tassigny was made a Commandeur of the Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur.
» In-depth article
23 Dec 1935
United States
- Chief of Staff General Malin Craig summoned Henry Arnold to Washington DC, United States.
» In-depth article
24 Dec 1935
United States
- Henry Arnold was made the Assistant Chief of the US Army Air Corps.
» In-depth article
27 Dec 1935
- US Army Air Corps bombed Hawaii to divert a lava flow from Mauna Loa that was threatening a local water works.
31 Dec 1935
Photo(s) dated 31 Dec 1935
Timeline Section Founder: Thomas Houlihan
Contributors: Alan Chanter, C. Peter Chen, Thomas Houlihan, David Stubblebine
Special Thanks: Rory Curtis
